How to Easily Mix Your Own Tattoo Ink

These are instructions for preparing a tattoo ink. The tutorial should only be used by persons who have received training in aseptic techniques. It takes about 1-1.5 hours. Otherwise, use this information to help ask informed questions of a tattoo professional. Does your tattooist know exactly what is in his or her ink? What You Need to Make Your Own Tattoo Ink Dry PigmentVodkaGlycerine, medical gradePropylene GlycolBlenderSafety EquipmentSterile Ink Bottles Homemade Tattoo Ink Instructions Use clean, sterile materials (see note below), put on a paper mask and gloves.Mix until clear: about 7/8 quart vodka, 1 tablespoon glycerine, and 1 tablespoon propylene glycol.In blender or jar that fits on blender, add an inch or two of powdered pigment and stir in enough liquid from step 2 to create a slurry.Blend on a low speed for about 15 minutes, then on a medium speed for an hour. If you are using a jar on the blender, release pressure buildup every fifteen minutes or so.Use a baster to siphon ink or pour it through a funnel into ink bottles. You may add a sterile marble or glass bead to each bottle to aid in mixing.Store the ink away from sunlight or fluorescent lighting, since ultraviolet radiation will alter some pigments.Keeping track of the amounts of liquid and powdered pigment will help you make consistent batches and improve your technique.You can use smaller amounts of glycerine and propylene glycol, but probably not larger amounts. Too much glycerine will make the in k oily and too much glycol will form a hard shell on top of the ink.If you are not conversant with aseptic techniques, dont make your own ink! Tips for Success Obtain dry pigment from a tattoo supply house. It is much more difficult to order pure pigment directly from a chemical supplier. One natural pigment is carbon black, obtained from completely burning wood.You may substitute Listerine or witch hazel for the vodka. Some people use distilled water. I dont recommend rubbing alcohol or methanol. Water is not antibacterial.While your supplies should be clean and sterile, do not heat-sterilize pigments or their mixtures. The pigment chemistry will change and may become toxic.Although pigments normally are not toxic, you need a mask because breathing pigment particles can cause permanent lung damage.You can use mason jars directly on the blender as long as you unscrew them periodically during mixing to prevent overpressure breakage from heating.

The Essence Of Life And Our Purpose Essay - 1835 Words

The essence of life and our purpose in it are the types of questions that lurk in the back of many of our minds. When these questions arise, we can either develop our thoughts, or we can ignore the question all together. Questioning life and our meaning in it is what develops our mode of consciousness, or in other words, our self awareness, which then impacts our actions. Someone with a developed answer or an idea of the essence of life will have a good understanding of themselves and their duties on Earth. Although, someone who ignores the question, will become not much of a human at all, but more a thoughtless and purposeless group of living cells. A person without a mode of consciousness will not be able to live a meaningful life, and therefore they will conduct himself or herself in a careless and greedy manner through his or her actions. This connection between somebody’s state of mind and their actions is expressed in both Karen Armstrong’s work, â€Å"Homo Relig iosus† and Charles Siebert’s, â€Å"An Elephant Crackup?†. Both authors give examples of how a human’s modes of consciousness reflects the outcome of that human’s actions. Specifically the authors focus on actions such as taking the life of an animal, seeking answers through religion or science, and participating in physical acts and emotional therapies. In essence, people’s mode of consciousness directly affects their behavior, which means that their mode of consciousness can be revealed through their actions. MostShow MoreRelatedExistentialism is largely summed up in the quote â€Å"existence precedes essence.† Life is devoid of1000 Words   |  4 Pages Existentialism is largely summed up in the quote â€Å"existence precedes essence.† Life is devoid of inherent meaning aside from the human existence. Put simply, you are put on earth without any idea of what the meaning of your life is, it is up to you to create meaning for your life and each individual may find a different meaning. What are the main arguments against existentialism? Why does the preservation of life matter to us in a world devoid of meaning? In this essay I will summarize what existentialismRead MoreSartre s Views On Human Beings Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesthat essence comes before existence for artificial artefacts, for example a paper knife. However, this claim set forth is differed when it comes to human beings as Sartre argues that in this instance existence precedes essence as humans first exist and define their purpose through existing. However, this according to Sartre is not an individualistic view but what one man does will define all of manki nd as there is no prior essence of human beings thus the image is fashioned in our actions, our thoughtsRead MoreRejection of Existentialism Essays837 Words   |  4 Pagesdefines the unifying factor of existentialism, (for both atheist and deist alike), as the belief that existence precedes essence. To help illustrate his point he presents the example of a paper knife, an object that possess a set of qualities that enable it to carry out its purpose. He states that it would not have been created without a particular purpose, therefore its essence precedes its existence. (Sartre) Sartre rejects this idea when it comes to mankind and declares that humans in themselvesRead MoreExistentialism : A Philosophical Movement907 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered a philosophical movement established after World War II. People in this movement examined the problem of life for human beings. Each existentialist believes that life is absurd and has no meaning. Their common concern was with the â€Å"human condition†. Existentialists have differing evaluations of the human condition but all of them believe that â€Å"existence precedes essence†. This means that people are born without pre-existing or pre-determined circumstances or rules by which to conduct theirRead MoreExistentialism And How This Philosophical Theory Has Developed Over The Years1443 Words   |  6 Pagesthe meaning of life? Among other vital questions asked by humans over the course of history. Existentialism is a term derived from the idea that human being has freedom and choice and through this how a person can give meaning to his own life. This theory stresses upon individual existence and that through one’s own rationality one can find true purpose of his life in this irrational world. This theory revolves around the central idea that we create ourselves and that through our actions we createRead MoreJean-Paul Sartre’s Philosophy: Radical Freedom and Responsibility 1253 Words   |  6 Pagestheir own essence through their choices and that our values and choices are important because they allow man to be free and create their own existence. I will first do this by explaining Jean-Paul Sartre’s quote, then by thoroughly stating Sartre’s theory, and then by opposing objections raised against Sartre’s theory. When Sartre says, â€Å"We are left alone, without excuse. That is what I mean to say that man is condemned to be free† (Sartre 32), he is speaking of man’s autonomous life; which isRead More2000 Ny Obituaries, Top 5 Regrets Of The Dying And 75-Year869 Words   |  4 Pages2000 NY Obituaries, Top 5 Regrets of the Dying and 75-Year Enduring Study On Happiness Reveal What Makes a Great Life. The owners of the sexiest job of 21st century, data scientists own the words - actionable insights. The best among them do. Jostled in my mind is a thought – an electrifying thought. Can those words, ‘actionable insights’ and ‘the essence of a good, successful life’ appear in the same sentence? If so, where can we find them? Here are my snippets. The Monk Who Sold His FerrariRead MoreThe Confession By Leo Tolstoy1661 Words   |  7 Pages– The Confession Many people find themselves in a mid-life crisis when they reflect on what is the real meaning of human life. Leo Tolstoy wrote his literal interpretation of God’s teachings. Towards his golden years, the writer rejected privileges and wealth and became a wandering ascetic. At the height of his career, he encountered a midlife crisis which revolutionized his views towards life. Tolstoy said that he considered ending his life since he no longer understood the meaning of it. He wroteRead MoreEssay on Consciousness: Are We All In This Together?1266 Words   |  6 Pagesprocess of becoming aware, finding the purpose of our consciousness, and building morals and intelligence from that awareness that entangles those who search for answers in a web of utter confusion. In beginning my search for the understanding of consciousness, I chose to look into the thoughts and beliefs of Karl Marx and Jean-Paul Sartre. Marx and Sartre are similar in their philosophy in that they both agree that our existence defines the essence(s) of our consciousness, but they differ when discussingRead MoreComparing Plato s Xi Of The Republic1376 Words   |  6 Pagesreality and gives the means to be able to reach the ultimate Form of existence through knowledge and purpose, rather than belief. Socrates begins his argument by introducing the analogy of the sun. He says that the sun is to the visible realm, the realm of reality and our perception, to what the Good is to the realm of intellect and the Forms. The sun is our source of light; it is responsible for our visibility just as the Good is the source of the realm of intellect. We need to understand the Good

Educational Theories And Learning Styles On Teaching Practice Free Essays

The procedure of thought and acquisition has proved to be absorbing and interesting for many philosophers, faculty members and scientists for centuries. Due to psychological and neurological research, grounds has been gathered about usage of intelligence and the encephalon ‘s operation. Learning, both formal and informal, occurs every twenty-four hours and there are many definitions depicting its procedure. We will write a custom essay sample on Educational Theories And Learning Styles On Teaching Practice or any similar topic only for you Order Now These definitions vary harmonizing to theoretician ‘s ain positions and attacks towards larning ( Pritchard, 2009 ) . When acquisition, persons frequently choose to utilize or accommodate a preferable acquisition manner. There are many defined acquisition manners and one manner of happening out which manner is the 1 that an person prefers, is by replying and measuring a learning manner questionnaire. Depending on consequences, scholars are being described in assorted footings such as ocular, reflector, pragmatist and many more. Not all theories provide questionnaires or trials to place learning penchants. These theories, for illustration Gardner ‘s Multiple Intelligences, are, however, utile tools assisting recognise countries of strengths and failings. In this assignment I discuss assorted larning theories and how they are relevant to professional and personal pattern. I present a scope of larning styles/theories and sketch their chief points, for illustration Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Visual, Audio, Kineasthetic acquisition manner, Gardner ‘s Multiple Intelligences and Goleman ‘s Emotional Intelligence. I contrast assorted larning manners and look how they are implemented into the national course of study. I assess how realistic it is to use the acquisition manners in pattern and I besides reflect on my ain pattern and experiences. Learning manners and theories A acquisition theory, possibly more associated with grownup acquisition and staff employment, that identifies and classifies assorted personal types, is Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ( MBTI ) . The theory originates from thoughts of Carl Jung and it identifies four penchant graduated tables, they are: Extraversion ( E ) / Introversion ( I ) , Sensation ( S ) /iNtuition ( N ) , Thinking ( T ) /Feeling ( F ) and Judgement ( J ) /Perception ( P ) . By uniting the four letters of each penchant the personality type is established. In entire, there are 16 whole types that describe single penchants ( Myers, I. Briggs, 1995 ) . Some critics of MBTI are speedy to indicate out that the descriptions of different personal types are excessively obscure, general and some convergence ( Bayne, 1997 ) . Additionally, assorted factors that can act upon persons when replying inquiries need to be considered, such as: Have they got old experiences of specific state of affairss when depicting their behavior and actions? How many experiences can they compare? How do they experience that peculiar twenty-four hours? Is at that place a possibility of a wages when falling into a certain class? ( For illustration publicity ) . Who is traveling to be reexamining questionnaires, employer or an outside bureau? Are consequences traveling to act upon any alterations in current occupation place? Are persons traveling to be stereotyped? Are they traveling to be encouraged to work with their strengths and non given chance to better their failings? Despite the defects, the MBTI enables people to derive a better apprehension of themselves and how other people think and interact with each other. It is besides of import to retrieve that each peculiar personal type is as of import and utile as the remainder of them, and that there is no right, incorrect or better type. Another theory, strongly promoted by the Department for Education and Skills ( 2004 ) , is the Visual, Audio, Kinaesthetic ( VAK ) larning manner. One manner of happening out which manner is the 1 that an single prefers is by replying and measuring a learning manner questionnaire. These penchants can be ocular, audile, kinesthetic, or sometimes a blend of two or three manners. The VAK acquisition manner is supported by many pedagogues who are provided with valuable apprehension of what larning manner is preferred by an person, which larning environment enables the pupils to spread out their acquisition and, which learning schemes provide a balance of chances for the pupils. However, there are besides many professionals who argue that formal VAK trials are misdirecting for instructors. Alternatively of pulling attending to how kids learn and how assorted facets can act upon their acquisition, the theory has led to pupils being labelled as peculiar types of scholars. Many theoreticians, including Dunn and Dunn and Gregorc, use the VAK attack. Although, Gregorc ‘s theoretical account was ‘theoretically and psychometrically flawed ‘ and both of their manners should non be used at schools ( Coffield et al, 2004, pp. 31, 33 ) harmonizing to the Department for Education and Skills ( 2004 ) , both theories should be considered by schools. The writers of the ‘VAK or VAK-uous? ‘ demonstrate, based on their study, that: Rubing beneath the surface of it all, we find a instead challenging universe of accelerated and brain-based acquisition, a universe of pseudoscience, psychobabble and neurononsense. ( Bowker et al, 2008, p. 311 ) Some of the theories take into history other intelligences apart from lingual and mathematical accomplishments. Howard Gardner ( 1993 ) recognises assorted intelligences, originally there were seven: lingual, logical/mathematical, musical, spatial/visual, kineasthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal. He is right to believe that intelligence is non linked with IQ but some of his ‘intelligences ‘ can be viewed as endowment. His theory encourages pedagogues to look beyond reading, composing and mathematics, and to reflect on and accommodate their patterns. Teachers are persuaded to concentrate on pupil ‘s countries of strengths, to detect their accomplishments, and utilize them to actuate and raise self-pride of pupils who are otherwise classed as ‘underachievers ‘ . The Department for Education and Skills ( 2004 ) recommends Gardner ‘s model of multiple intelligences to be applied to be after lessons and activities guaranting that they are inclusive fo r all kids, taking into history a scope of larning manners identified by instructors. However, Gardner ‘s theory lacks research and grounds to back up this. His critic John White ( 2006, pp. 82-83 ) openly says that because it is ‘backed by authorization of a celebrated Harvard professor ‘ does non intend that it is accurate and even Gardner himself admits that ‘it is merely by opportunity that he ( Gardner ) decided to name his classs ‘intelligences † . Another theoretician that focuses on intelligence separate from IQ is Daniel Goleman. In his work he speaks of Emotional Intelligence ( EI ) . EI has become omnipresent and is widely used in assorted countries, which proves that many grownups, every bit good as kids, can profit from utilizing Goleman ‘s rules in pattern every twenty-four hours. Goleman ( 2004 ) identifies five cardinal rules: ego and other consciousness, temper direction, self-motivation, empathy and direction of relationships. The term ’emotional intelligence ‘ is known worldwide and closely associated with working environment. Goleman ( 2004 ) argues that EI is more of import than IQ. For illustration when sing using a baby’s room practician, emotional and societal accomplishments are more of import than academic accomplishments as the practician needs to be able to associate to parents, kids, co-workers and other professionals involved in a kid ‘s attention. Additional preparation, to guarantee that the practician has appropriate making, can be provided by employer or sought by an employee. One of the cardinal points of Goleman ‘s response to criticisms is that he is non showing a new theory but a topic that has been studied for old ages under personality research. The theory was originally introduced by Jack Mayer and Peter Salovey, whom Goleman seldom references in his work. He uses the term emotional intelligence excessively loosely as he besides includes facets of personality and behavior. Even so, many schools in the United States of America have successfully incorporated programmes on emotional intelligence in their course of study and have been running them for a decennary ( Gilbert, 2008 ) . Both, Goleman and Gardner, suggest that non merely academic accomplishments, such as authorship and reading, but besides other intelligences are portion of the acquisition procedure. They suggest the intelligences are every bit of import, and need to be considered when organizing inclusive acquisition environment for kids and grownups. With the Department for Education and Skills ( DfES, 2004 ) and the Office for criterions in instruction ( Ofsted, 2006 ) advancing personalised ‘tailored ‘ larning for all pupils and raising criterions, pedagogues are put under force per unit area to guarantee that larning demands of all pupils are met. DfES ( 2004, unit 19, p. 2 ) provinces that theory of larning manners is based on ‘tried and tested techniques and draws on academic research and the experience of rehearsing instructors ‘ . However, the unit 19 was withdrawn in 2007. Assorted larning theories offer their ain account of a learning manner, their point of position and frequently besides a formal trial or questionnaire. They all promise positive consequences and an account why a scholar prefers a peculiar acquisition manner. It is so up to a instructor to happen ways how to implement the national course of study that best suits the scholar. However, harmonizing to Susan Greenfield ( 2007 ) the pattern is ‘nonsense ‘ from a neuroscientific point of position and she stresses that after 30 old ages of educational research, there is no independent grounds that any learning manner stock list has any direct educational benefits. Evaluation of my pattern and past experiences For me, the most important facet of this assignment was the whole construct of larning manners and theories. Initially, I did non cognize much about the topic and I found it more and more absorbing as I continued in my reading. Previously, I realised that kids ‘s larning penchants can be monitored through elaborate observations and ratings, I was able to concentrate on kids ‘s strengths and failings. I think that observations are every bit of import as questionnaires but I besides realise that they are more clip consuming, which was seldom an issue for me as I have merely antecedently worked with little groups of immature kids. Having analysed assorted larning manners I now wonder how utile they are to my pattern. I realise that kids ‘s different attacks to larning demand to be recognised. However, I am non confident about benefits of assorted larning manners to kids ‘s acquisition, particularly after reading Coffield ‘s critical points of position that arose from his research. In my pattern I have ever believed that advancing empathy and positive attitudes amongst kids would understate unwanted behavior, hence, supplying a composure and exciting learning environment. As kids grow they become cognizant of their ain feelings and responses they receive when exposing a peculiar emotion. By furthering empathy, instead than sympathy, kids and grownups can derive a better apprehension of each others feelings and emotions, what triggers them, how to command and cover with them. I would non travel every bit far as stating that these facets should be classed as ‘intelligences ‘ , they are, in my sentiment, more associated with personal/social accomplishments and behavior, therefore holding an impact on larning attitudes. A theoretician who recognised empathy as an of import portion in kids ‘s acquisition and development was Carl Rogers. He identified that non merely kids but besides grownups need to experience valued, respected and treated with fon dness. Rogers ( 1989 ) speaks of unconditioned positive respect, intending that parents and others, who play of import portion in a kid ‘s life, accept and love a child/person for what they are no affair their actions and behavior. To make emotionally warm environment where all kids are accepted but besides going more effectual in interpersonal relationships, instructors need to expose empathetic apprehension and communicate openly and candidly. Learning manner questionnaires and my acquisition attitudes By finishing one of VAK self-assessment questionnaires I identified that my preferable learning manner was a ocular 1. On contemplation, I can see elements of this manner in the manner I learn and organise undertakings as I do work best from lists and written waies. I besides write down notes and slug points when reading, fixing lessons and activities for kids or be aftering staff meetings. I frequently use different symbols or colorss to associate up topics. I have discovered that seeing something written down enables me to do connexions quicker and retrieve information better. Harmonizing to MBTI on-line study my personality type codification is likely ESTJ or possibly ESTP. After carefully reexamining the results I agree with most of the consequences. I ever plan in front, I have got really good organizational accomplishments and I use them good in my professional and personal life. Although, I prefer undertakings to be done in a certain manner, I am besides willing to accept new suggestions ( see appendix A ) . Having analysed results of other trials I undertook, such as Belbin ‘s Self-perception Inventory and Honey and Mumford questionnaire, I discovered new facets of myself and I identified forms that are dominant in my personal penchants. Furthermore, it confirmed that I am efficient and dependable, and I like construction and modus operandi. However, I am introspective, I do non like role-play in forepart of looker-ons, I am loath to depute ( which was commented on in an assessments by my old employer ) and sometimes I do non react to new thoughts. Additionally, I do non like being rushed though I seem to work better under force per unit area. I besides stand by my determination or position if I am certain that I can back up it with a valid statement. The rating was helpful as it made me cognizant of my preferable learning mode but besides encouraged me to admit, see and develop other manners, as on many occasions I have expected people to portion my acquisition penchants. As a following measure, I need to utilize the cognition of my larning attitudes in my surveies and implement my ‘study program ‘ . I have devised a new structured timetable and monthly program, which enables me to clearly see my marks. I made certain that I allowed myself a sufficient sum of clip for library research, visits and reading and I besides took into history clip that I spend set abouting online research. Equally, I made certain that I took regular interruptions and I besides allocated clip for regular exercising. It has been a twosome of old ages since I completed degree three in Children ‘s Care, Learning and Development, and the return to instruction was exciting but besides a nervous measure. I was cognizant that the surveies were traveling to be more demanding. Rather than roll uping grounds and information, edifice portfolio and being assessed at work every bit required in the yesteryear, future surveies would be based on thorough grounds based research and personal and professional contemplations. Having acknowledged strengths and identified failings, I now feel that I can utilize them to my advantage. In the past I learned how to cover with unfavorable judgment, which I did non ever take good, but being cognizant of this encouraged me to work on my accomplishments. Now I use unfavorable judgment to my benefit and expression at it from a positive angle as a tool to better myself. Decision In decision, the chief rule that we are all different to each other, and that we develop and learn in a different manner is still core. The cognition of assorted larning manners provides instructors and practicians with utile information on how to heighten kids ‘s acquisition. The instructors are so able to be after lessons and organise activities suiting assorted larning manners that consequences in a lesson that engages all of the pupils in the category. Pritchard ( 2009, p. 43 ) provinces that ‘Learning manners are non fixed traits which an person will ever expose ‘ . There are many factors that can act upon scholar, therefore do a alteration of a learning manner. As this assignment shows, every acquisition manner and its theory have its dedicated protagonists and house critics. It is up to pedagogues to happen a balance and guarantee questionnaires and trials do non overpower kids. When utilizing questionnaires to set up acquisition manners, it is of import to retrieve that consequences are non one hundred per cent accurate and some questionnaires are easy to forge. Nevertheless, they are practical tools to assist persons happen out more about their strengths and failings. However, clip and resources should non be wasted on measuring consequences that may hold an insignificant or no impact on pupils ‘ acquisition. Besides there is a certain sum of hazard of kids being confused with assorted labels and attacks, which may alter as students leave school scenes. Alternatively, a broad assortment of learning methods and an apprehension of an person ‘s needs consequences in a category environment that is inclusive, appealing and that makes scholars aware of their ain qualities. Most significantly, kids should come out of a school system as whole ‘complete ‘ scholars able to dispute and accommodate assorted attacks to larning. They should derive an apprehension of what their strengths are and how to utilize them so they can maximize their possible, and be cognizant of their failings and how to better and better themselves. Word count: 2706 How to cite Educational Theories And Learning Styles On Teaching Practice, Essay examples

Taoism Versus Buddhism Essay Research Paper Eddie free essay sample

Taoism Versus Buddhism Essay, Research Paper Eddie Bohn 103A History Thursday 7, 2000 Taoism versus Buddhism There are 100s of faiths in the universe that are practiced. But merely a few truly stand out in the universe and are widely known. I will concentrate on two peculiar faiths and comparison and contrast them. Taoism and Buddhism have said to be similar faiths, but I have found that they truly are pretty different. First I will discourse each of the faiths chief beliefs and how they are practiced. Then I will discourse how the two faiths are similar to each other, and in conclusion I will demo how they differ from each other. First I will get down with Taoism. Taoism, as the word indicates, is the Religion of the Tao, a term intending Path or Way, but denoting in this curious instance the manner, class or motion of the Universe, her procedures and methods. We will write a custom essay sample on Taoism Versus Buddhism Essay Research Paper Eddie or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In other words, Taoism is the Religion of Heaven and Earth, of the Cosmos, of the World or Nature in the broadest sense of these words. Hence we may name it Naturism ( Davis 32 ) . The significance of Tao is The Road or The Way. It can besides be described as the way that you should take to go what you should be. To pattern Taoism is to hold right behaviour, follow the proper regulations of life, faith, and have good rules. To sum up the manner of Taoism is that if you follow the way and non acquire distracted so you will accomplish felicity. Buddhism is the oldest of the three universe faiths. Buddhism has helped to determine the societal civilization of India and other Asiatic states. Buddhism was started by a adult male by the name of Siddhartha Gautama, subsequently to be known as Buddha. Siddhartha lead a really sheltered life because his male parent did non desire him to cognize what enduring was similar. He shortly realized that agony was inevitable ( Davis 2 ) . He wanted to cognize what agony was all about and how you can get the better of it. Once he became enlightened H vitamin E decided to seek and assist others happen redemption. The full footing of Buddhism is to avoid these two extremes: fond regard to the pleasances of the senses, which is low and vulgar, and fond regard to self- chagrin, which is painful: both are unprofitable. The Buddha encouraged those who wished to get away from enduring to follow his illustration and abdicate the universe. Buddhism is in a sense a universe faith because it has been able to accommodate itself to a assortment of societal systems. Buddhism is a universalistic faith shacking in work forces? s Black Marias. ( Davis 12 ) . Taoism and Buddhism were born in the same century. One of the similarities between the two faiths is that they both do non follow any type of God. They teach a manner of life. Another similarity is that they both are chiefly focussed and derived from India and other Asiatic states. Both Taoism and Buddhism believe that you can hold a better life if you follow their manner of life. Besides the two faiths both have really deep and complicated significances. They both are uncomprehendable untill one has attained it. Buddhism and Taoism are both connected with the Earth and nature. Another critical construct of Taoism is that of the wu-wei which is to accomplish action through minimum action or inactivity. Action is clash and inactivity is pure effectivity in Taoism. This construct compares with Buddhist speculation in which 1 remains absolutely still and uses merely one? s head. In this province, one may make enlightenment. At one clip the two faiths were thought to be portion of three faiths that were all connected. There are merely a few differences between Taoism and Buddhism. One of the differences is that Buddhism was founded by merely one individual, and Taoism was founded by a group of people. Another difference is the existent nucleus beliefs which separates most faiths. In decision the basic belief between the two faiths is that you can hold a good life if you follow a certain manner.

Derewianka and Tompkins Teachings of Grammar

English is an international language and significantly contributes to modern communication. In essence, proficiency in English greatly relies on how learners manage to understand its essential elements well. Grammar is one of the integral elements of English language as it contains major components, which determine individual’s speech.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Derewianka and Tompkins Teachings of Grammar specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is imperative to understand reading and writing, as they are integral elements of grammar. In this paper, I will base my discussion on the reflections of my first English teacher and compare the grammar approaches outlined by Derewianka and Tompkins et al. I am a slow leaner and my teacher had difficulties in teaching me the basics of grammar. My teacher made us translate words from our native language to English and we could construct and deconstruct texts. My te acher insisted on functional grammar, whereby, the use of language means understanding every word in a text, and how the word relates and affects all the other words in the text (Winch, Johnston, March, Ljungdahl, Holliday, 2010). For example, when the teacher narrated a story, we had to describe the orientation of the narrative, give a descriptive summary of the narrative, provide a life lesson, and express our feelings and thoughts about the narrative. I noticed that Derewianka’s instructional techniques formed an important part of my grammar learning. We had to understand the relationship between grammar and genre. Generally, Derewianka’s teachings focused on functional grammar, where, grammar is taught in context at a whole text level. As suggested by both Derewianka and Tompkins, learning grammar is a continuing process, with each experience strengthening and improving consecutive learning process. By the time I reached my third year of K-12 education, I could ut ter and write simple words. Thereafter, Tompkins et al. (2012) teachings of grammar started taking effect as my teacher employed them in teaching us grammar in a gradual learning process. After learning a series of words (nouns, verbs, pronouns and adjectives), I constructed a sentense.Advertising Looking for essay on languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More I can remember learning the first word, â€Å"eating,† and after a series of transitions, I learned a simple sentence containing a process, a circumstance and a participant, â€Å"John is eating.† I can remember my teacher using symbols to describe English words, we could directly translate a sentence from our native languages to English for a start, and with time, English became part of us. I saw myself graduate from mastering a simple sentence to mastering complex sentenses. Tompkins et al. (2012) focused on building the student’s knowledge about t he components of language before applying it to whole texts. In conclusion, it is noteworthy that both teachings insist on a gradual process of learning and the use of meta-language in building a robust foundation of English. Both teachings assert that the use of scaffolding, modeling, and simple progressive instructions enables slow learners to grasp elements of grammar. Therefore, when teaching grammar, it is important to understand grasping level of students, application of functional grammar, as well as practical illustrations such as scaffolding to bring a clear understanding. References Anderson, J. (2006). Zooming in and zooming out: Putting grammar in context into context. English Journal, 95(5): 28-34. Annandale, K., Bindon, R., Handley, K., Johnston, A., Lockett, L., Lynch, P. (2004). First steps writing resource book. Melbourne, Vic: Rigby Heinemann. Derewianka, B. (2011). A new grammar companion for teachers. Riverwood, NSW: Primary English Teachers Association.Advertis ing We will write a custom essay sample on Derewianka and Tompkins Teachings of Grammar specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tompkins, G., Campbell, R., Green, D. (2012). Literacy for the 21st century. A balanced approach. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Australia. Winch, G., Johnston, R.R., March, P., Ljungdahl, L., Holliday, M. (2010). Literacy: Reading, writing and children’s literature (4th ed.). South Melbourne, Vic: Oxford University Press. This essay on Derewianka and Tompkins Teachings of Grammar was written and submitted by user Keaton Irwin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Green Power Policies in the USA

Green Power Policies in the USA The United States of America is the largest consumer of oil in the world. Its total oil consumption accounts for a quarter of the world’s oil consumption (Zuckerman 323). Zuckerman further estimates that America consumes approximately twenty one million barrels of oil daily (323). Over the past few years, there has been a rise in the uses of energy in the United States.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Power Policies in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This can be attributed to the sudden upsurge in the demand for energy across the nation, both domestically and industrially. The main factor that has led to this is the continuous establishment of factories and industries at an alarming rate. The invention of a wide range of electrical gadgets has also led to an increased consumption of energy in American homes. This increase in the rate of energy consumption has necessitated th e formulation of policies that will guarantee fuel efficiency in America for the next fifty years. This essay will look at some of these policies that the United States of America can adapt for the next fifty years in a bid to regulate energy consumption and attain energy conservation. The government and other non-governmental organizations should join hands in implementing policies that will aim at reducing the current high rate of energy waste in homes and companies. Currently, the United States of America spends a lot of revenue on importing oil. In fact, America only produces a mere third of the total oil it consumes. Energy conservation and efficiency policies will go a long way in allaying these costs. Al Gore (301) points out that the American economy is on the verge of collapsing if the country continues spending billions of dollars annually on oil imports. In his article â€Å"Stop the Energy Insanity,† Zuckerman explains why it is high time that America started expl oiting its own oil reserves (324). This would be the first step towards the revitalizing of the fuel efficiency of America. America’s oil reserves are estimated to be about a hundred billion barrels. This large quantity of oil is enough to take the country for fifty years. The occurrence of these oil reserves is coupled with natural gas which is estimated to be about 420 trillion cubic feet.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The natural gas can be used to replace over 1400 coal-powered electric plants to reduce air pollution (Friedman 297). Furthermore, the exploration of domestic oil reserves by the U.S will encourage other oil-producing countries to expand their exploration leading to a global oil sufficiency (Task Force 314) There is a dire need for the adoption of renewable sources of energy by the United States of America. Solar energy is the most prefe rred source of energy in this category. This is because this source of energy is environment friendly as it doesn’t lead to any type of pollution. The United States should consider investing more on solar energy in order to cut down on oil imports and consequently conserve the environment. According to Friedman (297), a seven-hundred-fold increase of solar power will go a long way in saving the earth from pollution caused by coal-fired power. The government can promote the popularity and use of solar energy by boosting the manufacture of solar panels and increased advertisement of the same. Many Americans have a personal bias against the use of solar energy. It is deemed to be highly inadequate and inefficient. Solar energy is regarded as one which can’t support large factory and industrial operations that require a substantially large amount of energy. However, the truth is that solar energy can effectively support these operations. This can be achieved if the product ion of this type of energy is carried out on large scale. A number of large solar panels have the capability to generate the same amount of energy as that generated by oil or other non-renewable sources. Wind energy is yet another type of renewable sources of energy that can be included in the United States’ policy to curb energy consumption and wastage in the highly industrialized nation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Power Policies in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With the uncertainties in the oil market and the rapid deterioration of other sources of energy, it is time that the American government and other concerned organizations considered revolutionizing this source of energy in order to generate extra energy. Wind energy can help in reducing the polluting effect of coal-fired power if its use is increased fortyfold (Friedman 297). Over seventy percent of total en ergy consumption in the United States of America is used in transportation, mostly by personal cars (Zuckerman 323). Policies to improve the fuel efficiency of a vehicle will therefore help to reduce this high consumption rate. For instance, using modern aerodynamics increases the fuel efficiency of a vehicle by reducing the drag. Increased fuel efficiency of the vehicle will in turn save on the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle. The government should also allow only vehicles that are made of composite materials. This is because these vehicles are light and hence reduce the level of fuel consumption. Another way to increase fuel efficiency in vehicles is by using wheels that have a reduced road to tire friction. The role of these wheels is to reduce the grip of the tires on the road. This enables the vehicle to move at a faster speed which then reduces the rate of fuel consumption per mile. Other miscellaneous ways of improving the fuel efficiency of a vehicle is by inflating t ires up to the most accurate pressure and replacing air filters that are clogged. A policy should be put in place that advocates for the above changes to be made on all vehicles in the United States of America. If this policy is operational in this country for the next five decades, it is without no doubt that the overall impact that it will have on the fuel consumption of the country will be breathtaking. The third policy that can be implemented by the United States of America to curb energy consumption majorly involves industries. In the production processes, most industries end up producing wastes that have the potential of being used to further yield other forms of energy.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some of these forms include heat and steam. For example, a firm can generate electricity or steam using its waste products which can then be used as sources of energy in other activities that require the energy. The electricity can be used to heat water in order to produce steam which can then be used in another operation such as heating. It is also recommended that the industries use modern technologically advanced boilers which use less fuel but sufficiently operate at high temperatures. The government should formulate policies that oblige each and every single industry to recycle its waste products that can be converted into other forms of energy. By doing this, the industry will be diversifying its sources of energy. This will then reduce the high demand of oil and lead to an efficient system of energy consumption in the country. Adoption of this policy for a span of fifty years or more will safeguard the United States against any energy uncertainties and contribute to the eradi cation of environmental pollution. Simple initiatives taken by individual consumers of energy can also go a long way in increasing energy conservation and reducing energy wastage in the United States of America. Some of these measures include using the power-saving mode in electrical gadgets such as computers, refrigerators among many others. In this mode, the machines are able to operate normally and efficiently but using less energy than when not in this mode. Currently, such energy-saving practices are not common in America because of lack of knowledge and understanding about this particular issue among the citizens. The government should come up with ways of educating the citizens about these energy conservation steps. If each and every single American citizen was to practise these simple but useful energy conservation measures for the next fifty or so years, the energy efficiency of the United States will be greatly improved. Some steps to conserve energy may seem too simple an d so unnecessary but their significance in contributing to energy conservation cannot be overlooked. For example, using compact and efficient fluorescent light bulbs conserves more energy than when using incandescent bulbs. This is because the latter consume more energy. Fluorescent bulbs consume two thirds less energy than the incandescent bulbs. If every American energy consumer was to get rid of incandescent bulbs and turn to using fluorescent bulbs, the overall impact on energy conservation will be great. The government and other authorized bodies should formulate policies that advocate for the use of fluorescent bulbs throughout the nation. This policy can go as far as banning the use of incandescent bulbs and allowing incandescent bulbs only. Efforts geared at controlling energy consumption in buildings will greatly help in environmental conservation. This is due to the fact that forty percent of carbon (IV) Oxide emissions comes from these buildings (Al Gore 303). A lot of en ergy wastage also occurs inside buildings. Efforts to reduce this energy loss can include the use of Passive Infra Reds (PIRs) to switch off lights in rooms that are not being used. Use of architectural features that reflect some light into a building can also remove the necessity for artificial lighting, hence conserving energy. Businesses also have a role in energy conservation and prevention of environmental pollution. While other businesses overlook environmental risks and invest in carbon-intensive projects, there are some who have taken measures to avert this. For instance, Google provides free bus rides for its workers to and from work (Lubber 319). This has reduced the number of workers driving to work in personal cars, hence reducing the energy consumption. Other companies such as Microsystems have allowed some of their employees to work from home in order to reduce transport costs. In conclusion, the United States of America is faced with a major challenge of putting in pl ace certain policies that will guarantee efficient use of all forms of energy. The main policy is the turning form the use of non-renewable sources of energy to the use of renewable sources of energy. In addition to this, the government of the United States and concerned organizations should stage up a campaign that is aimed at educating the general public on the ways of conserving energy. These ways could include how to improve the fuel efficiency of a vehicle, how to save energy while using electrical gadgets and many others. From the foregoing discussion, it can be concluded that America should put in place an energy conservation policy that will improve its efficiency in the next fifty years. Al Gore. â€Å"The Climate for Change.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. 11th Ed. Behrens, Lawrence and Rosen Leonard. Longman Publishing Group, 2010.  86-88. Print. Friedman, Thomas. â€Å"205 East Wat to Save the Earth.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum . 11th Ed. Behrens, Lawrence and Rosen Leonard. Longman Publishing Group, 2010. 83-85. Print. Lubber, Mindy. â€Å"Balance Sheet the Climate Crisis: How America Businesses Can Help.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. 11th Ed. Behrens, Lawrence and  Rosen Leonard. Longman Publishing Group, 2010. 77-79. Print. Task Force. â€Å"National Security Consequences of U.S. Oil Dependence.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. 11th Ed. Behrens, Lawrence and Rosen Leonard. Longman Publishing Group, 2010. 80-82. Print. Zuckerman, Morton. â€Å"Stop the Energy Insanity.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. 11th Ed. Behrens, Lawrence and Rosen Leonard. Longman Publishing Group, 2010. 89-91. Print.

Legalization of Drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Legalization of Drugs - Essay Example In addition to marijuana, others, such as Douglas Husak, want to decriminalize all drugs as he explains in Four Points about Drug Legalization, a philosophical commentary on the irrationality of the â€Å"war on drugs.† Of course the idea of legalization to some, such as James Wilson, suggests legitimizing the use of dangerous, mind-altering substances which would lead to the increase of addiction therefore crime and the decline of society. Wilson’s comments are based more in real-world terms rather than philosophical but both arguments are similar to the ones held in the medical, legal and philosophical arenas along with those by common citizens at the office, home and social settings. Husak favors decriminalization but not necessarily legalization. He believes users should not be punished for drug use just as alcohol possession was not illegal during the Prohibition era during the 1930’s. It’s a subtle yet important distinction in the national debate. Wi lson contends the war on drugs is working. As an example, he points to the use of heroin, which has not increased since the drug war began in earnest during the early 1970’s. This is because it’s essentially the same - people are using it as back then. Young persons are afraid of getting caught and suffering through long prison terms in addition to not being able to afford the very expensive drug. Had heroin been made legal both those impediments to use would not exist. He provides evidence of the more liberal drug laws in Britain where heroin use has been climbing every year since the 1960’s to illustrate his point. On the other hand Husak argues that punishment should be reserved only for those who harm others such as assaults and theft. Imprisoning drug users is not rational. Millions of Americans use drugs but they use alone, and only very seldom does that do any harm except, possibly, to the person using. Yes, if that person commits robbery to support their drug habit, that’s a punishable crime but the actual use should not be. Additionally, the drug war has been employed unfairly, a circumstance that should nullify any law. â€Å"Drug prohibition would have vanished long ago had whites been sent to prison for drug offenses at the same rate as blacks. This is one of the features of prohibition that should outrage us all.† (Husak, 2003). Heroin is a debilitating drug, which, according to Wilson, serves the public good to be kept illegal. However, crack cocaine is worse and the thought of it being legalized is preposterous. At least when people are using Heroin, as Wilson says they are â€Å"helpless but at least harmless.† When using cocaine, people tend to become violent with the only goal of obtaining and using more, becoming binge users at the expense of their job and family. These addicts are impulsive, irritable, hyperactive, violent and uninhibited making them a constant danger to society. Therefore the user should be taken out of society. Women use crack cocaine more than men and cannot stop when they become pregnant which has very harmful effects for the innocent child. These are not isolated incidents, it is estimated that up to 50,000 babies are born every year addicted to cocaine in New York City alone. The reason people use crack more than heroin is the price. If we legalize drugs the price will drop for all varieties. We will see other drugs rise to the usage level of crack and beyond. Crack cocaine is a precursor, a lesson for future drug policies. (Wilson, 1990). Husak counters that one should not assume decriminalization will act to decrease the price of drugs. Again, the difference in legalization and decriminalization matters when discussing the method

Lesson Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Lesson Plan - Essay Example It is taken from the website of the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations, Australia. It presents a model lesson plan for a state school in Australia. A lesson plan is a detailed description of the course instructed by the teacher to the class. Lesson plans are developed by the teacher on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. The lesson plan critique presented in this paper evaluates the course on the basis of its objectives, activities and assessment. Students will start learning the value of water and natural resources at an early age, which is beneficial for them and society. The objectives of the lesson plan include focusing on the values of responsibility, care, compassion, respect and sustainability. The key learning areas here include art, society & environment and science. The first activity includes thinking about water in a session. Students can  think and generate questions on the topic such as: What is water? Where does it come from? How it is stored and used? Is there enough availability of water for the humanity? Questions like these can certainly generate a lot of curiosity among children and help them in knowing its value and appropriate use. The thinking session will be followed by questions and queries discussed by students among themselves. They will be asked to write their ideas on the board. This activity asks students to identify ways of using water resources. Several pictures and short movies are shown to students and questions are asked based on water usage, responsible usage and conservation of water. Students are to visit the school campus and ask to note down the ways of water usage on a sheet of paper. Students will come to know the overall water usage from different sources such as drink taps, kitchen, gardening water, staff rooms and toilets. After this, they will categorize all what they have seen inside the school campus. The curriculum will move ahead with two activities covered in the

Why every American should exercise their right to vote Essay

Why every American should exercise their right to vote - Essay Example The future of civil liberties, it can be said, is in the hands of the American people. One of the major methods by which to participate in the democratic process is by casting a ballot to elect representatives and decide issues at every level of government. The vote is the voice of the people, without which the experiment fails because the very foundations of the country were laid by the people and for the people. Although many Americans make an effort to keep informed on political issues and enthusiastically exercise their responsibility to vote, the majority of those eligible to vote will not. This fact remains an enduring puzzle in a nation that considers itself the very symbol of democracy. Evidently, the countries that copied this system of government appreciate it more than Americans. Most nations in Europe routinely see a larger percentage of its citizens at the polls. The elections in Iraq last December drew 70 percent of eligible voters. Americans do not vote in those numbers and do not have to brave the chaos present in Iraq to access the polling booth (Woodward, 2006). The founding principles of the U.S. have been deemed by many to be worth fighting and dying for. Many thousands of brave Americans have traveled to all parts of the world to give their lives for the concepts contained in the Constitution. They fought for the freedoms of strangers in strange lands so that these people might have the choice to decide their own destiny by the power of the vote. When citizens vote, they authenticate the sacrifice of those that have paid the ultimate price for the right to vote. According to Senator Ted Kennedy, â€Å"Voting is one of the true blessings of liberty. That’s why people have died for it, and our democracy is diminished when even one American is denied that right† (Patterson, 2005). Democracy is also diminished when Americans decide not to exercise that right. The governmental hierarchy is bound by the vote to

Success Depends on Good Leadership

Success Depends on Good Leadership Introduction Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective of a firm. An organisations success depends on the good leadership in that organization. Good leaders are made not born. If you have the desire and the will power, you can become an effective leader. Good leaders develop through a never ending process of self study, education, training and experience. To inspire workers into higher levels of team work there are certain things to know and do. These do not come naturally, but are acquired through continual work and study. Good leaders are continually working and studying to improve their leadership skills. Leadership is a process where by an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal. Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership knowledge and skills. This is called process leadership. While leadership is learned, the skills and knowledge processed by the leader can be influence by his or her attributes such as beliefs, values, ethics, an character. Knowledge and skills contribute directly to the process of leadership, while the other attributes give the leader certain characterstics that make him or her unique. (http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadcon.html) Characterstics of a good leader Trust worthy A good leader has an exemplary character. It is of utmost importance that a leader is trustworthy to lead other. A leader needs to be trusted and be known to live their life with honestly and intergrity. A good leader walks the talk and in doing so earns the right to have responsibility for others. True authority is born from respect for the good character and trustworthiness of the person who leads . Enthusiasthic A good leader is enthusiastic about their work or cause and also about their role as leader. People will respond more openly to a person of passion and dedication. Leaders need to be ableto be a source of inspiration, and be a motivator towards the required action. Although the responsibilities and the roles of a leader may be different, the leader needs to be seen to be part of the team working towards the goal. Confident A good leader is confident. In order to lead and set direction a leader needs to appear confidentas a person and in the leadership role. Such a person inspires confidence in others and draws out the trust and best efforts of the team to complete the task well. A leader who conveys confidence towards the proposed objective inspires the best effort from team members. Tolerant Good leaders are tolerant of ambiguity and remain calm, composed and steadfast to the main purpose. Storms, emotions, and crises come and go and a good leader takes these as part of the journey and keeps a cool head. Main focus on goal A good leader, as well as keeping the main goal in focus, is able to think analytically. Not only does a good leader view a situation as a whole, but is able to break it down into sub parts for closer inspection. While keeping the goal in view, a good leader can break it down into manageable steps and make progress towards it. Positive A leader also needs to function in an orderly and purposeful manner in situations of uncertainty. People look to the leader during times of uncertainty and unfamiliarity and find reassurance and security when the leader portrays confidence and a positive demeanor. Good communicator A good leader easily explain to the others what he want to say and easily convey the ideas. He also easily understands the problems of his workers. Good communication makes a leadership more efficient and effective. These personal characteristics are foundational to good leadership. Some characteristics may be more naturally present in the personality of a leader. However, each of these characteristics can also be developed and strengthened. A good leader whether they naturally possess these qualities or not, will be diligent to consistently develop and strengthen them in their leadership role. (http://ezinearticles.com/?Seven-Personal-Characteristics-Of-A-Good-Leaderid=59305) Two good business leaders Vijay Mallya (Chairman of the United Breweries Group and Kingfisher Airlines) Talk of style, elegance and flamboyance He is a tycoon of indian business industry. He is very stylish and had a great impact on his collegeous. He also invest his money in games. Last year he invest money in Indian primier league of cricket. He invest on banglore team. He always remain in top stories in india. Vijay Mallya is the apt name. Even though Kingfisher Airlines might be incurring losses every quarter, Vijay Mallya has always been in the limelight for every other reason. His Kingfisher beer is omnipresent in India, and also after purchasing the Whyte and Mackay in 2007 for $1.2 billion, he gathered the chance to sell premium scotch to the worlds largest whiskey market. He is a good leader. Even though in losses he never gives up, he always move forward to gain profits. Ratan Tata (Chairman, Tata Group) a) He has always been soft-spoken and media-shy. b) The most admired business leader in India. Steel, telecom, autos, and mining interests of his group are diverse. More recognition was meted out to the group by the multibillion-dollar takeovers of steelmaker Corus and automakers Jaguar and Land Rover. New craze with the launch of the small car in India, Ratan Tata has made it really big in the Indian business environment. (http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-business/top-indian-business-leaders-2009.html) Part B 1. Poor communication by senior management The culture in our workplace, and the way we feel about working somewhere has a direct correlation to the performance levels that can be achieved. It is likely, then, that the performance in your business area is also under-achieving, which will add additional pressures to a management team already under stress. Any senior manager worth their salt should recognise that the leadership team are having a negative impact on performance and culture in your organisation, and that it needs to change. So it is the responsibility of the leader or manager to sort out the problems of the workers by communicating well with them. 2. Office politics In the organization sometimes the leaders use the politics amoung the workers to increase the profits or efficiency of the firm, which sometimes had adverse impact on the structure. The leaders praise the nearer worker to them than the actual one. on that fact that worker always pull others downwards. It decreases the effieciency of the works and firm march towards loses. 3. Lack of teamwork Team work has great influence on work place if there is not proper flow of information from top level to lower level it means there is lack of team support in an organization. As a result company production drop immediately and it means company have to improve it for workers satisfaction and in this way organization look forward for future profit. 4. The use of politically correct language Political correct language is a term used to describe language, ideas, policies, or behaviour seen as seeking to minimize offence to gender, racial, cultural, disabled, aged or other identity groups. Use of correct language can improve good communication between staff members and employers in this way we can say that companies can move forward without any hazard. 5. Nosy co-workers If a company unable to handle workers properly and dont  provide skills and material on time so there is problem related to product shape and size.workers dont show enthusiam in work this means an organisation unable to meet the reqirement of workers. References http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-business/top-indian-business-leaders-2009.html. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-business/top-indian-business-leaders-2009.html http://ezinearticles.com/?Seven-Personal-Characteristics-Of-A-Good-Leaderid=59305. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Seven-Personal-Characteristics-Of-A-Good-Leaderid=59305 http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadcon.html. http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadcon.html.

Life Or Death Essay -- essays research papers

We are all aware of death, and we know it will come to us all. To many of us death brings a chill down our spine ridden with fear, but to others it is ridden with strength and satisfaction of accomplishment. Fortunately or unfortunately we are all condemned to death. However no one knows when exactly the inevitable will approach, but we all know it is inescapable. But what makes death seem more realistic to us and those in denial of it is the lucid pictures of people suffering, in pain and those on their death bed before many of us can be rationale and accept the truth. Someone once said, “Life is about 50-70 years of pain. One is born through the mother’s pain and die leaving others in pain.'; How do we accept and deal with the process of our last days with all the suffering we go through, and the suffering our loved ones share with us? What impact does suffering and death leave behind? Does the love we had experienced decline with our shrunken bodies, does the responsib ilities we challenged take control of us or does our friendships eventually sail in the distance like the compost to become of us; or perhaps all three? Or conceivably we build a stronger love for life, and a stronger legacy for our loved ones to cherish? What pain do they feel? Yet, all in all we need to distinguish what it means to suffer? Is it “to endure death, pain, or distress?'; Or can it be to sustain loss or damage. In this paper I will attempt to show that as human beings we take for granted what “life'; is and seem to forget that death is inevitable. But most importantly how suffering and death have an impact on our daily and routinely concepts of love, friendship and responsibility. What is “Love';? Is the love you feel for your child the same as the love you feel for your spouse? Is the love you feel for the brand new car sitting in the dealership the same as the love one feels for their parent? Love exists in many levels, and can be defined in many ways. The flourishing part about love is that only an individual can define what love is because its something only he or she can feel and distinguish. Love can be expressed in either combination or all of the following: Love towards our faith, love in an exotic nature, love for our children, and lastly love for material things. It does not matter what religion or type of faith o... ...t the sake of the family and always wish never to leave a scar on the family name. Pleasing others and not oneself can also be a liability, because one would feel that they lived life not for their sake but for others; would it then be right to question what the true meaning of life was to you, during your last minutes of life? Personally, I doubt it. We are all born to die. And die is what we shall do inevitably. But what we live behind, our legacy is simply a formation of how we live life for the time we are here on earth. Every one of us should live life to its fullest and to its fullest means that we shall consider accomplishing our duties as parents, family or friends. Our lives may seem like a circus, with so much to juggle, nonetheless we should not forget that life has essentially been a gift. We all make mistakes and this should not be regrettable, rather educational. Living life allows us all to learn and learning is the greatest satisfaction. Suffering, pain and death should not be the only emotions considered during one’s last breath, but also the beginning of change and the strengthening of love, friendship and our responsibility for those you leave behind.

Irish Culture

Struggles between different national, cultural, and religious identities became known as â€Å"trouble times† in Northern Ireland. The fighting began as far back as 1921, and did not reach an agreement, called the Good Friday Agreement until May 22, 1998. The Protestant’s considers them self British and supports the United Kingdom, or Unionist. While the Catholics, which are in the minority only by 44%, considers thierself to be Irish. The Catholics want a united Ireland and most are nationalist. â€Å"The latest version of â€Å"the troubles† in Northern Ireland was sparked in late 1968, when a civil rights movement was launched mostly by Catholics, who had long faced discrimination in areas such as electoral rights, housing, and employment. This civil rights movement was met with violence by extreme unionists and the police, which in turn prompted armed action by nationalists and republicans. Increasing chaos and escalating violence led the UK government to deploy the British Army on the streets of Northern Ireland in 1969 and to impose direct rule from London in 1972. † (Archick, 2013) Trying to come to a resolution in Northern Ireland the government signed the peace treaty known as the Good Friday Agreement, it transfer the power from London to Belfast where the two parties, Northern Ireland Assembly and Executive Committee, or the Nationalist and Unionist would share power. Reference Archick, K. (2013). Northern Ireland: The peace process. Retrieved from http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS21333.pdf BBC News. Northern Ireland: The peace process. Retrieved from BBC News. (2006, January 27). Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/4072261.stm Irish Culture Struggles between different national, cultural, and religious identities became known as â€Å"trouble times† in Northern Ireland. The fighting began as far back as 1921, and did not reach an agreement, called the Good Friday Agreement until May 22, 1998. The Protestant’s considers them self British and supports the United Kingdom, or Unionist. While the Catholics, which are in the minority only by 44%, considers thierself to be Irish. The Catholics want a united Ireland and most are nationalist. â€Å"The latest version of â€Å"the troubles† in Northern Ireland was sparked in late 1968, when a civil rights movement was launched mostly by Catholics, who had long faced discrimination in areas such as electoral rights, housing, and employment. This civil rights movement was met with violence by extreme unionists and the police, which in turn prompted armed action by nationalists and republicans. Increasing chaos and escalating violence led the UK government to deploy the British Army on the streets of Northern Ireland in 1969 and to impose direct rule from London in 1972. † (Archick, 2013) Trying to come to a resolution in Northern Ireland the government signed the peace treaty known as the Good Friday Agreement, it transfer the power from London to Belfast where the two parties, Northern Ireland Assembly and Executive Committee, or the Nationalist and Unionist would share power. Reference Archick, K. (2013). Northern Ireland: The peace process. Retrieved from http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS21333.pdf BBC News. Northern Ireland: The peace process. Retrieved from BBC News. (2006, January 27). Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/4072261.stm

Divorce: Marriage and Progressive Beautiful Life

Divorce is common nowadays, nobody seems to take care or know its problems and its issues after divorcing. It is bad for couple to divorce if they have children, in fact that will be a bad result for them to take care of them with their hard life after the divorce. The divorce is the most serious social problem that affect almost the entire life of the children and the couple, it also makes troubles like: sadness, despair, children, and unforgettable moments. The issue is continuing and never stop easily which generates a huge sadness and despair for both sides the couple and the relatives. People usually divorce because they think that they can't be together to continue their life for some behavior reasons. Therefore, couples feel painful and harder to live than before, and the child doesn’t have any idea about the sudden issue that enters the fear in their hearts. Moreover, some parents hesitate to split up when they have children, and won't split up instantly which gives them leisure to choose the right choice. Parents who don’t have children don’t hesitate and decide to split up immediately, and choose the wrong choice to eliminate their life. As a result, they regret for the useless chosen way to split up, and the remorse will mostly last forever in hearts. In conclusion, the divorce has a lot of troubles according the misery, which damage the children and the beautiful life. People have to mind it as a serious problem that they should handle it, whether they are going to divorce or not. To lead them to a progressive beautiful life that make everyone happy and weal, a lot of divorce situations has been eliminated in a positive result that keep their life with no problems before they start splitting up. Consequently parents and children will never think of divorce, and they will have a beneficial life which keep them in a safe aspect.

Vocabulary Quiz on Dr. Kings I Have a Dream Speech

Vocabulary Quiz on Dr. Kings I Have a Dream Speech Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered his now-famous I Have a Dream speech from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963. This multiple-choice vocabulary quiz is based on the opening five paragraphs of that speech. The quiz should help you build your vocabulary by using context clues to determine the meanings of Kings memorable words. Instructions:Carefully read these five paragraphs from the opening of Dr. Kings I Have a Dream speech. Notice in particular the words in bold. Then, guided by context clues, respond to the ten multiple-choice questions that follow. In each case, identify the synonym that most accurately defines the word as its used by Dr. King in his speech. When youre done, compare your responses with the answers. Opening Paragraphs of the I Have a Dream Speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous1 decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared2 in the flames of withering3 injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles4 of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing5 in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so weve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition. In a sense, weve come to our nations capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note6 to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable Rights of Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. It is obvious today that America has defaulted7 on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked insufficient funds. But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, weve come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed8 spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism9. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate10 valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of Gods children. momentous(a) lasting for just a brief moment(b) of great importance or significance(c) belonging to the distant pastseared(a) painfully burned or scorched(b) highlighted, illuminated(c) lost, forgotten, abandonedwithering(a) devastating, humiliating(b) refreshing, rejuvenating(c) non-stop, endlessmanacles(a) laws, rules, principles(b) habits, routines(c) shackles, handcuffslanguishing(a) hiding, kept out of sight(b) existing in miserable or disheartening conditions(c) lasting for a long time or slow to endpromissory note(a) a written promise to repay a debt(b) a union formed for mutual benefit(c) a pledge to do what is right under the lawdefaulted(a) brought shame or disgrace on someone(b) rewarded or paid back(c) failed to fulfill an obligationhallowed(a) formed by making a hole(b) nearly forgotten, largely ignored(c) highly respected, regarded as holygradualism(a) forcible overthrow of a social order(b) a policy of step-by-step reform over time(c) forgetfulness, neglectdesolate(a) brightened with light(b) depressingly empty or bare(c) profound, deep Here are the answers to the Vocabulary Quiz on the I Have a Dream Speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. (b) of great importance or significance(a) painfully burned or scorched(a) devastating, humiliating(c) shackles, handcuffs(b) existing in miserable or disheartening conditions(a) a written promise to repay a debt(c) failed to fulfill an obligation(c) highly respected, regarded as holy(b) a policy of step-by-step reform over time(b) depressingly empty or bare

Developing a marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Developing a marketing plan - Assignment Example Sony’s products are advertised through the world by sales companies and unaffiliated suppliers as well as direct trades via the Internet. Sony is also involved in advertising agency business and network services business in Japan among so many other activities. This paper seeks to establish Sony’s current industrial status in the market share and unearth the company’s secrets of success. Principally, the sole intention of this treatise is to bring into focus the Marketing Plan for Sony Corporation (Fujiwara, 2006). With many main products reputable and substantial market share, one can note that it is improbable for new competitors to overcome product identities that are conventional to maintain consumer trustworthiness. The copyrights that are possessed by Sony are a resilient obstacle since competitors find it costly to enter the same industry of production due to placement of patents and licenses and raised prices for the product. Sony Corporation, for a long time, has been, and still is, dominant in the electronic business. With its capacity to deliver durable and high-end products, Sony has built long-lasting relationships with their dealers. Their high business uniqueness and a worldwide network of business entities has enabled them establish a bargaining power of the suppliers and dealers like no other company. Because of this, dealers have found it hard to bargain down prices due to their loyalty, and high quality products produced by Sony. The introduction of the new Sony LED TV and the quality that comes in this product, is an example as to why dealers have lowered their bargaining power thus increasing level of Industry profits. The bargaining power of retailers and suppliers will depend mostly on the bargain power of end-users. This chain is what makes this phenomena a threat and may force a company to lower its prices that might lead to

The Apollo Group Case Study Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Apollo Group Case Study Analysis - Essay Example The University of Phoenix Company has grown over time as a for-profit university. The university has the adult working population being its main target other than the high school leavers who enroll in the traditional classroom educations. In addition, the University seeks to give affordable and quality online education to the adult population who are reachable through intensive marketing strategies of recruiters. However, their marketing strategies are against the federal laws and therefore, the university has to adopt different marketing and education strategies to maintain profitability. The key issues that face the University of Phoenix include technological advancement and traditional college expansion weakness. The University of Phoenix needs to upgrade its technology for quality and effective e-learning among its students. Technology would mean that the company must incur extra costs that are potentially huge, and thus may affect its profitability. The sophisticated virtual college platform has a negative potential on the profitability of the company, since its total cost will increase while revenue remains constant. Moreover, the need for expansion of the traditional classroom education will also imply that the university will have to incur extra classroom setup costs. Online learning faces the challenge of massive student dropouts and lack of quality in the online education sector. The company has therefore undertaken to provide quality instructor contact with a small number of students per instructor. The company also faces the problem of retaining students and changing its marketing strategies to be consistent with the federal law. Primarily, federal law prohibits the marketing strategy of the University of Phoenix, where high pressure recruitment strategies were against the federal regulations.  

Montessori's Educational Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Montessori's Educational Philosophy - Essay Example On hindsight, I surmised that to a certain extent, the teachers that I had assisted probably applied bits and pieces of Montessori’s teaching philosophy, approach, or perspective. However, I was not conscious of them. William Crain’s narration in â€Å"Montessori’s Educational Philosophy† probably synthesized what seems to be a fundamental facet of what Montessori education is. Through Crain’s â€Å"Montessori’s Educational Philosophy† the idea of children as undergoing â€Å"sensitive periods† was impressed to me. Of course, having been exposed to children between four to seven as well as older children between twelve to thirteen years old, the idea of children having periods of sensitivity on certain dimensions should be â€Å"obvious† to me but, unfortunately, this was not the case. I had taken for granted my experiences, unmindful of the important implications of what should have been obvious. Crain’s article allowed me to review my experience with a new eye or from a new perspective. At the same time, it allowed me to see the Montessori perspective as the correct one, the largely correct one, or at least a USEFUL perspective in childhood education. Education, of course, is not an ideology but a commitment as well as a science of leading or facilitating the young ones to explore and seek knowledge and, in the p rocess, be taught by their interaction with their world. As a science, some of Montessori’s â€Å"theory† or perspective will probably be seen in a better light in future and some facets of the Montessori MAY be even proven by scientific or education research to be misguided. However, what is more important is that the Montessori perspective or â€Å"theory† will be seen as forward advance in how we must conduct education in children. Further, what is most important is that the Montessori perspective fulfills an important role in advancing the science of educating

The Word Essay Example for Free

The Word Essay It is probably the hurtful racial word ever created. It is a word known primarily as a means to degrade African Americans. The word packs such power to represent overt racial hatred; most people regardless of race will not even say it. In the dictionary the word nigger means, usually offensive, a member of any dark-skinned race and ignorant. The n word is word used to cause pain to African American people it is used to offend us so use it. It is a degrading word; a word that whit people used to as they use to say put us in our place. So why do we think it is ok to us it as a term of endearment. It was used as a word that brought our ancestors so much pain so why do we feel it ok to use it when they fought so hard to end the use of the word against them. The NAACP had a funeral for the N as a way to put an end of use of the word, as a way to show the world that the word had no more meaning or pain when used as a put down, but the world still uses the word. Some people don’t even know the meaning of the word but still use it thinking its cool or the thing to do. Since the meaning of the word changed in the African American community people think its ok to use if you change the ending of the word from â€Å"er† to an â€Å"a† it is still the same word and in turn has the same meaning and should still not be used. Most people do not even know what the word means. t a word that brings pain to African American people and remind us that we are inferior and beneath white people. And we use it as a term of love, endearment. Changing the meaning dose not erase the pain it caused to our ancestors. The word should not be used especially by African American people in college because being in college shows that you are educated to get this far and the word means you are ignorant not educated, and in turn degrading yourself .

A study on the britvic group

A study on the britvic group The Britvic Group was established in 1986 by Bass, Whitebread and Allied Breweries. The three merged their respective soft drinks businesses to form Britannia Soft Drinks Limited. And now Britvic is the parent company of Britannia Soft Drinks Limited. Britivic was originally established to act as the soft drinks supplier to the pub estates of these three shareholders. Britvic finished the acquisition of the brand like Tango, Robinsons, Orchid Drinks, Red Devil brand, water source one after another. The company cooperates with Pepsi and enters into an exclusive bottling arrangement for Pepsi and 7up in Great Britain. And Distribution of Lipton Ice Tea in Great Britain awarded to Britivic in 2009. Britivic becomes an independent company by listing in the London Stock Exchange in 2005. And the company has become one of the two leading soft drinks businesses in Great Britain. Successful new products developments, like J2O and Fruit Shoot, make Britvic become the largest supplier of brand ed still soft drinks, the faster growing category in the soft drinks market, while remaining the number two supplier of branded carbonates. The Britvic Group operates in Great Britain and Ireland.The Company finishes acquisition of a soft drinks business in Ireland on 29 August 2007 ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2010 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. In 2006, Britvic sold 1.4 billion liters of soft drinks in hundreds of different flavors, shapes and sizes and delivers to over 4,000 customers and approximately 200,000 points of distribution. The company turnover around  £680 million a year, and the company have approximately 2,700 employees based either at the main offices in Chelmsford and Solihull or at one of seven factories and network of depots around the country ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2006 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. For the GB soft drink take home market, the main market players are Coca-cola Enterprises, Britivic, GlaxoSmithKline, Danone, and Tropicana. For the GB soft drink licensed on-trade market, the main market players are Coca-cola Enterprises, Britivic, Redbull. The Britvic Group has strong market positions. The GB soft drink take home market share is around 11% in year 2006, 2007, 2008, and in 2009 that number up to 12%. The total sale of the soft drink take home is around 6billion a year. The GB soft drink licensed on-trade market share is 44% in year 2006 and 2007, 45% in year 2008, and the number up to 48% in year 2009. The total sale of the soft drink licensed on-trade is around 2.3billion a year. From the date above, we can see that Britvic Group has solid and strong market position, and the market share is increased moderately. Market share positions products Take home Licensed on-trade Total sales Market share Total sales Market share 2006 ( £5.8bn) 11% ( £2.3bn) 44% 2007 ( £6.0bn) 11% ( £2.4bn) 44% 2008 ( £6.1bn) 11% ( £2.3bn) 45% 2009 ( £6.1bn) 12% ( £2.4bn) 48% Source: Summarized from Britvic plc Annual Report 2006,2007,2008,2009 For Ireland market, the Britvic Ireland is Ireland second largest branded soft drinks business by volume. Britvic Ireland has similar brand and category profile to Britvic GB, and sold 253 million liters in the year to September 2008. Britvic Ireland have around 800 employees, one carbs/stills factory, one water factory and two distribution centers ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2010 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. The soft drink take home market share of the company is around 29%, and the soft drink Licensed on-trade market share is around 37% ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2010 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. The company has grown market share and revenue across all of the categories with a strong performance, despite difficult trading conditions. The Britvic cooperate with recycling companies in the UK to introduce plastic bottles containing PET which has been recycled from British households. Currently recycled material is made from imported material. The main commodity price risk arises in the purchases of prime materials, being PET, sugar, cans and frozen concentrated orange juice. Where it is considered commercially advantageous, the group enters into fixed price contracts with suppliers to hedge against unfavourable commodity price changes. Financial analyses Financial date 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Total asset  £492.4M  £467.1 M  £694.6M  £741.1M  £853.5M Total Liabilities  £470.2M  £524.8M  £690.3 M  £732.0 M  £856.0 M Interest bearing loans and borrowings  £301.8M  £233.2M  £414.3M  £430.9 M  £450.7 M Debit ratio 95.5% 110.2% 99.3% 98.7% 100.2 % Total Revenue  £695.8M  £677.7M  £716.3M  £926.5 M  £978.8 M Operating profit  £73.3M  £73.7M  £80.0M  £96.7M  £110.1 M Full year dividend 10.0p 11.0p 12.6p 15.0p Earnings Per share 18.5p 18.4p 20.4p 24.8p 29.9p Free cash flow  £(10.3)m  £48.9m  £65.3m  £66.2m  £69.7m Source: Summarized from Britvic plc Annual Report 2006,2007,2008,2009 A. Gearing Gearing is a measure of financial leverage, demonstrating the degree to which a firms activities are funded by owners funds versus creditors funds. The best known examples of gearing ratios include the debt-to-equity ratio (total debt / total equity), and debt ratio (total debt / total assets). Then we choose the debt ratio to measure the financial leverage. The debt ratio of the company is 95.5% in 2005, 110.2% in 2006, 99.3% in 2007, 98.7% in 2008, and 100.2% in 2009. And the debt ratio of company is around 100% in the five financial years. To some extent, the high debt ratio is risky for the company. So we can see that the company greatly relies on borrowing to support operation. Britvic Group with high gearing is more vulnerable to downturns in the business cycle because the company must continue to service its debt regardless of how bad sales are. And the interest bearing loans and borrowings is the main component of the liability, and the Proportion is 64.1% in 2005, 44.4% in 2 006, 60.0% in 2007, 58.8% in 2008, and 53.0% in 2009. So we can see that the company greatly relies on borrowing to support operation. Britvic Group with high gearing is more vulnerable to downturns in the business cycle because the company must continue to service its debt regardless of how bad sales are. If the loan interest rate is higher than Margin, the company should reduce the loans and borrowings in the coming financial years and enhance the capacity of managing liquidity risk. B. Cash flow Free cash flow is the amount of cash that a company has left over after it has paid all of its expenses, including investments. It is considered to be a proper indicator of a companys financial health. The amount of free cash flow of Britvic Group is negative in year 2005, and it becomes active since 2006, Chief Executive Paul Moody (2006) said that full deployment of both SAP and Siebel software has enabled us to reduce the demand on working capital and so improve our free cash flow. As we can see from the table, the number is increasing year by year, and reaches  £69.7m in year 2009. The enough cash flow indicates that the solvency of the company. And the good performance of the revenue and operating profit contribute to the free cash flow increase. The company overhead cost savings achieved through a range of initiatives including centralization and automation of indirect procurement. The revenue and the operating profit are both increasing for 5 financial years. Comparing with year 2007, the operating profit in 2009 is up by 20.8%, the revenue in 2008 is up by 29.3%. Although during the economic recession, Comparing with year 2008, the operating profit in 2009 is up by 13.8%, the revenue in 2009 is up by 5.6%. We can expect that the trend of the profit in future is promising. C. Earning per share and dividend policy Because the operating profit is increasing, the Earning per share increases moderately during the 5 financial years. The EPS is 18.5pence in year 2005, 18.4pence in year 2006, 20.4pence in year 2007, 24.8pence in year 2008, 29.9pence in year 2009. And compare with year 2008, the EPS increased by 20.5% in year 2009. And the company spent about 50% EPS to the shareholders. Full year dividend of the company is also increases moderately with EPS year by year. The full year dividend per share is 10.0pence in year 2006, 11.0pence in year 2007, 12.6pence in year 2008, 15.0pence in year 2009.That indicates Britvic Groups strong capacity to earn profit. And that can consolidate the confidence of the shareholders, also helps company financing through issuing shares other than loans and borrowings. SWOT analyses A. Strength In the past, the company focused on acquisition. Through finishing the acquisition of the brand like Tango, Robinsons, Orchid Drinks, Red Devil brand, water source one after another, Britvic Group develop quickly. The Britvic Group has a clear strategy for growth now. First, the company support and grow the core brands like Pepsi, fruit shoot, tango, Robinsons, j2o, 7up; second the company support the new band for tomorrow like drench, Gatorade, Pepsi raw, V water, Lipton iced tea; third, the company try to improving free cash flow and margins; fourth, the company try to operate internationally and expand into Europe. The acquisition of a soft drinks business in Ireland on 29 August 2007 represented an important step in the strategic development of Britvic ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2007 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. And also the company focused on innovation. In 2008, the company launches two innovations Gatorade and Drench, and both have performed extremely well. The company promotes healthy lifestyle and provides a wide variety of soft drinks to meet customers needs, helping them make informed choices, marketing the drinks responsibly and promoting health, wellbeing and nutrition. As we discussed above, the Britvic Group holds strong market positions in Great Brittan and Ireland. And in this area, the customers like the brands of the company. Britvic have lots distribution within the Great Britain soft drinks market, and the distribution net are nearly every where in the country. And the company also holds good relationship with the resource suppliers. From the balance sheet, the trade and other payables is  £244.3 m in 2008,  £291.6 m in 2009 ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2009 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °, indicate that the Britvic has good reputation and the resource suppliers provide credit to the Britvic. B. Weakness Although the Britvic Group operates well in Great Britain and Ireland, compare with the transnational corporation in this industry like coca-cola enterprises, the size and the market of the Britvic is relatively limited. During the international development, the Britvic Group pays less attention to the local culture. That means in different area, an international company should operate locally. And in Ireland market, there are Category gaps, and the Britvic should launch more brands in Ireland market. And the Britvic Group has lots of brands, and that increase the difficult of operation. The marketing section have to focus the brands separately, that is really a challenge for the company. From the financial analyses, the debt ratio of the company is relatively high. And that indicate the company is prefer financing by borrowings and loans, and that may let the company in a risky conditions and may be more vulnerable to downturns in the business cycle. C Opportunity Over the next 20-25 years, the British population is expected to reach 70m from the current population of around 60m, and that indicates a growing market for the company ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2008 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. Comparing with the past generation, Younger generations drink more purchased soft drinks less tea, coffee, alcohol, dairy drinks and tap water. European fast food culture and the carbonated drinks quite fit. So the company should seize the opportunity to launch more innovations to attract the new generation, Now the consumers pay more attention to healthy lifestyle, and that also provides a good opportunity for the company. The Britvic should launch more unique products to cultivate the customer loyalty. The company penetrate into European counties gradually, The Britvic Launch in-market activities in Holland, strong Robinsons squash activity in the Nordics, and Fruit Shoot in Sweden. The company also penetrates to Turkey and Bulgaria market. The company has new travel contracts in the airline and shipping sectors. And through the already successful Britvic International business, the company should explore ways to extend the availability of Britvics wholly-owned brands worldwide through franchising arrangements. D. Threat For the soft drink market in Great Britain and Ireland, there full of competition. Besides Britvic, for the GB soft drink take home market, the main market players are Coca-cola Enterprises, Britivic, GlaxoSmithKline, Danone, and Tropicana. For the GB soft drink licensed on-trade market, the main market players are Coca-cola Enterprises, Britivic, Redbull. In year 2009, the GB soft drink take home market share of Britvic is 12%, and the Coca-cola Enterprises market share is 27% ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2009 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. The number of market share of Britvic in Europe almost increase a little. And for the global economic conditions, the 2008 crisis let the economy into recession. Lots of consumers is lost their job and in debt. So for the European market, also go through recession. How to conquer the recession, and hold the market position, is a challenging work to do for Britvic. Also the company faces financial risk that includes commodity price risk, interest rate risk, exchange rate risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. And the company operate internationally in the future will face the political and country risk. Risk management A. Foreign currency risk management Foreign currency risk is related to exposure to fluctuations to the sterling-US dollar and sterling-euro exchange rate. The group operates in euro-denominated countries and finances these partly through the use of foreign currency borrowings. Additionally cash generation from euro-denominated operations can be utilized to meet euro payment obligations in sterling denominated companies, providing a natural hedge. The group also has transactional exposures, which are from purchases of prime materials or commercial assets in currencies. Such purchases are made by euros and US dollars. On 27 September 2009, through forward foreign exchange contracts, the company hedged 48% of forecast exposures 12 months in advance, and the number in 2008 is 71% ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2009 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. Where funding is raised in a currency other than the currency ultimately required by the Britvic, cross currency interest rate swaps are used. That can convert the cash flows to the required currency. These swaps have the same duration and other critical terms as the underlying borrowing. B. Country and Political risk management More and more countries in Europe pay more attention to the environment protection. If a company without awareness of that may face the risk of local government regulations. And Britvic has adopted an Environmental Management System which is certified to the international standard ISO 14001. The company also use recycled materials for packaging. Conflict between employer and employees in Europe market is a risk faced by any company. The strike of the employee can hinder the normal productions, so Britvic pay more attention to the employ welfares. And Britvic has reduced its accident frequency rate by 68% over the last 5 years ¼Ã‹â€ Britvic plc. 2009 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. Recommendations A. International strategy Based on Great Britain, the Britvic should target broad market. The company should walk out the Europe gradually. Through the already successful Britvic International business, the company should explore ways to extend the availability of Britvics own brands worldwide through franchising and licensing. Britvic also should target the emerging Asian market like China, India and so on. The population of China is largest in the world, and the new generation prefers soft drinks to traditional tea. So the company can competes with coca-cola in China market with the unique brand of healthy lifestyle. During the international development period, the company should learn the local culture first, and launch special designed products to the local market. That means operate locally. B. Qualified personnel and Innovation In the past, the company achieves success through innovation. The Britvic group should keep the spirit of innovation, and win more property right in the design of products. That is the winning points of the company for the future development. And the human resource sector should prepare qualified personnel for the group future construction.